Supreme Court, birthright citizenship
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The U.S. Supreme Court is set to hear arguments in a case that advocates say could have major implications for how intellectual disability is defined.
I Q is back in the news with the Supreme Court’s third look at IQ and capital punishment since 2002. On December 10, 2025, the Court will hear arguments in Hamm v. Smith, a case about an Alabama prisoner’s death eligibility that could have broader impacts.
The state of Alabama disagrees: anyone scoring 70 or above on one test, its attorney general contends, is intelligent enough to execute. In 2022, the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals rejected that argument—setting the stage for a Supreme Court turnaround on IQ and capital punishment.
Disability advocates are speaking out as the U.S. Supreme Court prepares to take on a case that hinges on whether a diagnosis of intellectual disability should be based on more than an IQ score. The high court is expected to hear a case known as Hamm v.
2don MSNOpinion
When Joseph Smith was 27, he was involved in the brutal beating death of a man in Mobile. At the time, he was reading at fourth-grade level. Is it enough to keep him from being executed? The federal courts think so.